As depicted inFig. 3B, IL2Rα (odds ratio [OR] IVW: 1.377; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006–1.883;p = 0.046) exhibited suggestive evidence of being associated with an increased risk of MPN, while MIF demonstrated a negative association with MPN risk (OR IVW: 0.641; 95% CI: 0.427–0.964;p = 0.032).Fig. 4Aprovides the MR scatter plot illustrating the relationship between IL2Rα, MIF, and MPN. This evidence concerns the gene MIF and myeloproliferative neoplasm.