EPO and anemia (phenotype): SGLT2 inhibitor treatment increased hemoglobin and hematocrit, and prevented anemia compared to placebo in several large clinical trials, including the CREDENCE trial.13, 14, 15 Statistical mediation analyses of these trials have reported a strong association between hemoglobin change with SGLT2 inhibition and CV and kidney protection.21, 22, 23 There is evidence that SGLT2 inhibitors transiently increased EPO levels and this could explain at least part of the beneficial effect observed for anemia.16