While reductions in plasma Aβ-42/Aβ-40 (Aβ ratio) were not observed across all timepoints, biomarkers that are believed to reflect neurodegeneration - i.e., pTau231, pTau181 and NfL (35) - are increased in AD-converters only at the onset of cognitive impairment relative to CU individuals. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is Alzheimer disease.