Moreover, the percentage of CD4+PD1+CXCR5+ cells decreased from adenoma grade I to III and even in CRC (Figure 6A), primarily attributed to the change in programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) but not CXCR5 (Supplementary Figures 4A, B). This evidence concerns the gene CXCR5 and colorectal carcinoma.