While CCL18 has recently been discovered to bind and signal through CCR8, it also signals through a variety of non-traditional receptors, with the most critical in neoplastic disease being phosphatidylinositol transfer protein 3 (PITPNM3)/PYK2 N-terminal domain-interacting receptor 1 (Nir1) [79,80]. Here, CCL18 is linked to neoplasm.