In multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis conducted on IL-6, CXCL2, IL-1RA, IL-1α, CXCL5, S100B, and GM-CSF, we found that after adjusting for BMI, smoking status, NLR, and CEA, higher plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-1RA were associated with substantially elevated risk of NSCLC. Here, CSF2 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.