IRF3 and infection: IRF3 and IRF7 will then induce the transcription of three genes, namely, (1) type I interferon-beta (IFNβ), (2) IFN-inducible protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10), and (3) chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5/RANTES), thus controlling infection by either recruiting more immune cells to the site of infection, stimulating the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), or directly eliminating pathogens [31] (Figure 2).