Within this study, the identified functions of these tumor suppressor genes span a range of cellular processes: they regulate the WNT/β-CATENIN pathway, activate the STING pathway, inhibit epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy via the PYK2/TAZ/PDL1 pathway, oversee ribosomal RNA maturation, and control tumor growth through the RBMS3/TWIST1/MMP2 pathway [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44]. Here, MMP2 is linked to neoplasm.