Plotting log2 fold change values for NCALD, FAT1, and TPPP3 mRNAs in bladder tissues of 22 DO and 28 BPS patients, and visualization of a 3D confidence interval, showed that these three mRNAs were sufficient to discriminate DO and BPS groups from each other. The gene discussed is TPPP3; the disease is Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1.