The findings suggest that prolonged indomethacin use contributes to poor prognoses in HCC by promoting PD-1 and PD-L2 expression through TRIF/ NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 pathways, leading to the inhibition of TNF-α and IFN-γ [89]. Here, PDCD1LG2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.