In particular, KARI 201 blocked neuronal ASM activity and reduced ceramide levels, contributing to the rescue of various neuropathological features in the brains of AD mice, including Aβ deposition, neuronal autophagic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, and memory impairment (Table 2). Here, SMPD1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.