PPARA and central nervous system cancer: There have been various in vivo studies that have suggested fibrate exposure may be protective for brain tumours, specifically gliomas, by modulating PPAR-α inhibition.23–26 There is similar evidence available for the consideration of glitazones as a treatment option from in vivo studies.27–30 However, prior to this study there have been no other pharmacoepidemiological studies that examined whether fibrates or glitazones affect brain tumour risk.