Research primarily conducted in animal models has indicated that MURF1 and Atrogin-1, JAK-STAT pathway, TGF-β, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) signaling pathways, and several miRNA species, represent potential therapeutic targets to reverse/treat cachexia. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is Cachexia.