An increasing body of evidence indicates that the main factors affecting mitochondrial biogenesis include transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF2), 5′‐AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), etc.56, 57The alterations of these above‐mentioned factors may interrupt mitochondrial biogenesis, and then induce mitochondrial dysfunction, eventually leading to depression.41, 53, 57, 58, 73. Here, NRF1 is linked to major depressive disorder.