We examined 2 epitope-specific anti-Id that have been shown previously to associate with specific phenotypes of autoimmune diabetes: anti-Id to b96.11, which is absent in patients with T1D [16], and anti-Id to DPD, which is significantly higher in patients with Ketosis-Prone Diabetes who have preserved beta-cell function compared to those without preserved beta-cell function [30]. Here, ID1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.