TGFB1 and lung disorder: By detecting specific proteins and RNA molecules in extracellular vesicles, such as miRNA-21 and TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1), the symptoms and conditions of lung diseases can be effectively alleviated. In addition, some anti-inflammatory and repair molecules contained in EVs, such as IL-10 and HGF, can also promote the repair and regeneration of lung tissues, thus reducing the inflammatory response and fibrosis in lung diseases.