Yen et al. reported that overexpression of TGF-β1 in EVs from GC patients was associated with lymph node metastasis, and further research has revealed that TGF-β1 in EVs converted naive T cells into FOXP3 Treg cells in vitro, allowing tumor cells to regulate immune surveillance, leading to lymph node metastasis of GC (Yen et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and gastric cancer.