Various nanozymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), oxidase (OXD), and peroxidase (POD) mimetic nanomaterials (Figure 1), have been employed to explore cancer therapies using two distinct therapeutic strategies: direct killing by enhancing ROS levels and indirect killing by depleting ROS (Zhang et al., 2020). The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is cancer.