The interplay between UPP1high tumor cells and SPP1+ macrophages was linked with a variety of chemokines, including CCL2_CCR2, CCL3_CCR5, CXCL3_CXCR2, and CXCL8_CXCR1, as well as interactions such as IL1B_IL1_receptor and TGFB1_TGFbeta_receptor1 (Supplementary Fig. 7a). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and neoplasm.