The sensor exhibited high sensitivity in detecting anti-glucose regulating protein 78 (anti-GRP78) and anti-protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (anti-PERK), which are crucial indicators for cancer, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis, demonstrating its potential in diverse disease diagnostics (Supplementary Fig. 27). Here, EIF2AK3 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.