NFKB1 and leukemia: It is also betokened that NF-κB activity is increased after chemotherapy while treatment of AML samples with a PI suppressed NF-κB and increased apoptosis selectively in leukemia stem cells, but not in normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) because the NF-κB pathway does not have any significant activity in these cells [11, 140, 146].