Besides the evident case of PSA, serving as biomarkerfor prostate cancer screening, according to our previous results,17 we could anticipate a good performance whenimplemented for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL,also known as LCN-2), a single N-glycosylated proteinsimilar in size to PSA (28.7 and 22.6 kDa for PSA and NGAL, respectively).Computational studies of the aptamer–PSA glycoprotein complexare currently in progress to decipher the glycan epitope targetedby the PSA-1 aptamer and thereby to extend its usefulness as a receptorof cancer-associated glycans. This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and prostate cancer.