TNFAIP3 and systemic lupus erythematosus: TNFAIP3 suppresses NF-κB activation by binding to linear ubiquitin chains via its zinc finger 7 domain (58, 59), and the SLE susceptibility SNPs of TNPAIP3 induce hypomorphic expression of TNFAIP3, which appears to augment linear ubiquitination signaling.