MTOR and cancer: Piperlonguminine, which exhibits high binding affinity to hub targets, has been reported to have potent activities such as inhibition of vascular inflammation by regulating TNF-α and NF-κB production, as confirmed in this study, and anti-proliferative effects against drug-resistant cancer cells by modulating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways (Lee et al., 2013; Zhu et al., 2020).