As we reported, a few histone modification enzymes were upregulated in ApoE–/– at 6 weeks, 78 weeks, PPE-AAA, ApoE–/– Ang II-AAA at 7 days and 28 days, cholesterol-loaded VSMCs, and TGF-β (1 ng/ml)-stimulated VSMCs, and the rest of aortic diseases and VSMC inflammations had no upregulation of histone modification enzymes (Figures 11B, C). Here, APOE is linked to triple-A syndrome.