A study involving 33 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1, also known as APECED) presenting with CMC detected high titers of ACAAs against IL-17A, IL-17F, and/or IL-22, and no such autoantibodies were observed in 37 healthy controls or the 103 patients with other autoimmune disorders (20). This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1.