Comparison of bladder transcriptomes before and after TURP in the HP group revealed 12 markers (CXCL13, BHMT, EGR3, CCL19, CCL21, NR4A3, CRTAC1, SAA1, UPK2, NR4A1, CCL18, UPK1A), discriminating the samples collected at two time-points from the same patients, indicating that de-obstruction induced significant alterations in the gene expression profiles of the affected bladders. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL13 and hyperplastic polyp.