Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in theDMD(dystrophin) gene.79The disease affects around 1 in 3500 - 5000 boys and causes progressive weakness starting between 3 and 4 years old and loss of ambulation at the age of around 10–12 years.80In addition, DMD patients present respiratory difficulties and progressive dilated cardiomyopathy leading to heart failure and early death. This evidence concerns the gene DMD and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.