This study aimed to evaluate the maintenance of the CD4+/CD8+ > 1 ratio during follow-up of patients undergoing early or delayed cART, to identify the risk factors for non-normalization of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and to verify the association of the index <1 with an AIDS event, death, and non-AIDS events, in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLHIV / AIDS) and starting cART12. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is AIDS.