Of the 1500 rescreened men, 48 (3.2% [95% CI, 2.4%-4.2%]) had PSA levels of 3 ng/mL or greater and prostate cancer was detected (Gleason score of ≥7), corresponding to 48 of the 81 biopsied men (59.3%). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate carcinoma.