Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening for prostate cancer is associated with a decrease in prostate cancer–specific mortality.1 Potential overdiagnosis associated with PSA testing and traditional biopsies can be mitigated by an initial risk assessment (eg, using PSA), followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and then targeted and traditional biopsies. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.