BAX and hepatocellular carcinoma: Kim et al. showed that stigmasterol can induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells by upregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (caspase-8 and-9, BAX and p53), downregulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, and damaging the cellular DNA; thus, it has great potential for application in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment [55].