TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Several studies have shown that isorhamnetin can inhibit Nrf2 expression, activate PPAR-γ and cause cellular autophagy through regulating the MAPK/Akt pathway to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, metabolism, and EMT; Additionally, isorhamnetin has potential therapeutic value by inhibiting TNF-α in response to patients with sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma; isorhamnetin can also antagonize TGF-β1 to enhance the efficacy of dosorubicin and reduce its toxic side effects [21].