GPT and cholestasis: After cholestasis, plasma contents of ALT, AST, TBIL, and taurocholic acid were increased, and this situation could develop into CAS over time (Zhu et al., 2018), which is the same as our pharmacodynamic study, where the levels of ALT, AST, and TBIL were higher in CAS rats than in healthy rats, and the SZD ameliorated the abnormal levels of ALT, AST, and TBIL.