It has been reported that PA, a mitotic second messenger derived from PC, is an important inducer of several Ras signaling pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)- MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling, confirmed to be implicated in (tumor) cell proliferation by Xiong et al. [28] (Fig. 4A). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and neoplasm.