BRAF and glioma: (2011) used the replication-competent avian leukosis virus with splice acceptor/Tv-a (RCAS/Tv-a) system to introduce different BRAF constructs into Nestin-expressing neural progenitor cells and found that while the full-length BRAF V600E did not induce glioma in vivo, the transgenic expression of only the BRAF V600E kinase domain in the cerebral hemispheres was sufficient to induce PA formation (65).