For instance, Christina et al. (2017) and Perez-Ramirez et al. (2016) showcased the effectiveness of cfDNA in identifying mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) flow and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) genes among non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, aiding in treatment decisions. This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma.