PARD3 and cancer: Notably, both PARD3 and Prom1 (encoding CD133) showed preferential expression in cancer cells at early developmental stages, highlighting their potential role in maintaining the stem-like properties of malignancy (Fig. 3D). Intriguingly, both PARD3 and Prom1 were preferentially enriched in cancer cells of subgroups 0 and 1 and were positively correlated, suggesting that PARD3 and Prom1 share a similar expression pattern.