CCR4 and metabolic disease: Epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78; C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)5), Growth-regulated oncogene α (GROα; CXCL1), Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC; C–C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)17), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1; CCL2) as their corresponding receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR4 and CCR2, respectively, are associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders (Chavey et al. 2009; Boro and Balaji 2017; Fülle et al. 2018; He et al. 2016).