In the present study, we sought to develop a liver-targeted LV by engineering the envelope of lentivirus to facilitate targeted delivery of IDOL-shRNA (short hairpin RNA) to liver to more effectively ameliorate hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis (Figure 1), while also providing a potential lentivirus delivery system for liver-targeted transgene therapy. The gene discussed is MYLIP; the disease is familial hypercholesterolemia.