Several inflammatory signaling pathways like JNK and IKK, alongside inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β, have been implicated in the development of metabolic diseases (121–124) Despite compelling evidence linking chronic inflammation to obesity, the mechanisms underlying the initiation and control of metaflammation during obesity remain inadequately understood. The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.