TUBA4A encodes α-tubulin, a major component of the microtubule network, and FTD patients with TUBA4A mutations demonstrated a decreased trend of α-tubulin levels and impairment of microtubule network reformation, implying that dysfunction of microtubule-dependent cellular activities triggers TDP-43 pathology in patients. This evidence concerns the gene TUBA4A and frontotemporal dementia.