The EVs derived from these modified myeloma cells contained a significant amount of Hsp70, which could activate immune cells such as CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4 + /CD8 + T cells, enhancing their chemotaxis capacity.349,350 Tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-enriched TEVs also hold great potential as antitumor vaccines in cancer therapy.351 EVs derived from renal cell carcinoma carrying TAAs were shown to elicit potent cytotoxic effects from CD8 + T cells against autologous tumor cells in vivo by mediating the Fas/FasL signaling pathway.352. Here, CD8A is linked to renal cell carcinoma.