Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease has been linked to reduced tumor suppressor miR-1 and miR-133a profiles in urine EVs.488 According to a study, EVs play a key role in controlling cyst formation in Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and provide evidence for the “cystic EVs theory,” which postulates that EVs from cystic renal epithelial cells may have an impact on the biology of nearby cells such as Pkd1 heterozygous renal epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and microphages. The gene discussed is PKD1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.