Molecular substances associated with NAFLD interfere with insulin signaling connections and exacerbate insulin resistance, including non-esterified fatty acids, tumor necrosis factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), Jun amino-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), and cytochrome P4502E1 [31]. Here, INS is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.