CYP27A1 and gastrointestinal disease: Age, age at menopause, BMI, prior osteoporotic fractures, prior gastrointestinal disease, hypertension and diabetes, prior bisphosphonate and glucocorticoid treatment, vitamin K2 supplementation, serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, UA, creatinine, 25(OH)D, PINP, and β-CTX concentrations; lumbar spine (LS) BMD at baseline; lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, and physical activities are reported in Table 1.