In one of the earliest studies, the combination of encorafenib, cetuximab, and nivolumab was related to an ORR of 45% in patients with chemotherapy-refractory unresectable or metastatic MSS, BRAF-V600E mutated CRC, while the combination of atezolizumab and cobimetinib was related to an ORR of 3% in patients with previously treated metastatic MSS CRC in the IMblaze 370 study.51,67 Five additional studies evaluated the efficacy of radiotherapy plus ICI combinations. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and colorectal carcinoma.