Along these lines, since literature reports that NASH-associated macrophages (NAMs) are involved in forming crown-like structures in NASH livers and that SerpinB3 influences the hepatic levels of NAMs markers CD9, TREM2 and Galectin 3 (13), we have investigated whether 1-PPA was able to modulate the expression of these markers. Here, CD9 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.