CCL2 and neoplasm: Moreover, in the milieu of gastric cancer – a disease marked by pronounced heterogeneity and a strong inflammatory component – there is a noted alteration in the expression and regulatory dynamics of these markers.[31] Typically, the levels of E-selectin, MCP-1, tissue factor, IL-6R, and FABP4 are elevated in gastric cancer tissues, with their aberrant expression closely tied to tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and overall patient prognosis.