CCL2 and gastric cancer: E-selectin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tissue factor, interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R), and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) are biomarkers intricately linked to the inflammatory cascade, each playing distinct yet interconnected roles in the body’s inflammatory response, particularly in the context of gastric malignancies.[20–24] While their specific functions and mechanisms of action vary, there are critical areas of overlap, notably in their collective response to inflammation in gastric cancer.