Interestingly, the five cytokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL20, CXCL1, and IL8) that are involved in the leukocyte infiltration in the blood vessel of rheumatoid arthritis patients are also found in the xenoAMP(S)-poly(I:C) activated HDMVEC. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and rheumatoid arthritis.