There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in the groups with different eGFRs, and this indicated that inflammation still existed in the group with low-eGFR, whereas the Nrf2 protein levels decreased significantly in this group, probably because Nrf2 expression was affected by the uremic toxin indoxyl sulphate concentration: this highlights the dual role of Nrf2 in LN. Here, NFKB1 is linked to lobular neoplasia.