Although, clinically, PPIs combined with FLC have been successfully applied for the treatment of candida esophagitis combined acute oesophageal necrosis (Pereira et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2016), paradoxical interactions between PPIs and FLC have been reported against the yeast Candida. OME, RAB, PAN and esomeprazole have also been shown to antagonize the growth inhibition effect of FLC (Kaneko et al., 2013; Urai et al., 2014; Liu and Kohler, 2016). The gene discussed is AGFG1; the disease is otitis media with effusion.