In summary, our study demonstrates the dysregulation of the SATB1 ➔ MIR22HG ➔ GBA ➔ GluCer ➔ Senescence inducers (p21, p16, S100A9) senescence pathway, which plays a critical role in aging DA neurons and the associated risk of PD development (Figure 6g). Here, S100A9 is linked to Parkinson disease.